Abstract: Graph coloring and topological invariants are fascinating subjects, particularly when applied to physical structures in engineering and architecture. These concepts help to analyze the characteristics of structures by representing them as nodes and arcs. Graph coloring involves applying minimal colors to a graph in such a way that no two adjacent nodes share the same color. In this paper, we focus on applying graph coloring to novel cupola-like structures, specifically defined as the conical graph (monolithic domes) and the novel Brunelleschi graph (Brunelleschi dome). Further generate the computation method for finding four important degree-based graphs invariants of these cupola graphs.


Keywords: Cupola structures, Graph coloring, Temperature indices, Randić index, Sombor index